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2025
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What challenges does energy storage battery recycling face?
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Energy storage battery recycling faces numerous challenges, hindering its sustainable development. From a technical perspective, energy storage batteries come in a wide variety of types, including lithium-ion, lead-acid, and nickel-metal hydride. Each battery has distinct chemical compositions and structures, leading to distinct recycling processes. This diversity complicates the development of unified recycling technologies and can increase recycling costs.
At the market level, the impact of informal recycling channels has exacerbated industry chaos. According to statistics, over 50% of retired batteries flow into unlicensed small workshops. These companies "intercept" supply by raising recycling prices, resulting in less than 15% of the capacity utilization of formal companies. The secondary utilization market has been slow to develop due to a lack of safety standards and poor economic viability. The use of retired batteries in energy storage, backup power, and other scenarios is still in the pilot stage.
At the collaborative level of the industry chain, information fragmentation between upstream and downstream and inconsistent standards hinder large-scale development. Battery design fails to fully consider recycling, making disassembly difficult and costly. Furthermore, the lack of unified safety assessment standards for secondary utilization hinders large-scale application scenarios.
Safety is also a major concern during the recycling process. Energy storage batteries, especially lithium-ion batteries, contain flammable, corrosive, and toxic substances. Improper handling during recycling can lead to environmental and safety risks. Professional training for recycling operators and the establishment of strict operating procedures are necessary to mitigate potential hazards.
The recycling of energy storage batteries faces numerous challenges, including technical, economic, regulatory, safety, and public awareness. To achieve an efficient recycling system, multi-stakeholder collaboration is needed to formulate appropriate policies, develop relevant technologies, and strengthen public education to promote the sustainable use of energy storage batteries.
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